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# Hague Mothers

A FiLiA Legacy Project

## Sitemaps

- [XML Sitemap](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/sitemap.xml): Contains all public & indexable URLs for this website.

## Posts

- [Protect Hague Victims Petition](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/07/08/protect-hague-victims-petition/) - Right now, we have a unique opportunity for change. In October, the Eighth Special Commission meeting is taking place in the Netherlands, where representatives from around the world will discuss this controversial multilateral treaty. GlobalARRK, together with Hague Mothers and 8 other charities from around the world, are calling on governments to review the Convention and
- [Webinar: Private International Law & Voices of Children](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/07/09/webinar-private-international-law-voices-of-children/) - Miranda Kaye of our international steering group took part in an international webinar.
- [Time for Reform](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/07/09/time-for-reform/) - In India, a core group of just 10 women created a campaign to persuade their government not to sign the Hague Abduction Convention treaty. And they won. “In a sea of despair for women aiming to reform the convention, it provides hope and shows what is possible with limited time and resources.” Thanks to author
- [Domestic Violence and The Hague Abduction Convention](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/09/09/domestic-violence-and-the-hague-abduction-convention/) - An overview of the, often brutal, impact of the Hague Convention on mothers and children who try to leave abusive relationships. We call on the Hague secretariat to recognise the grave risk & intolerable situation caused by exposure to domestic abuse, and to include this amendment in the Convention. And, where DA is alleged: Pro-bono
- [Canadian Court Support Resource](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2026/07/09/canadian-court-support-resource/)
- [Our next webinar: Whose Safety Matters? – Women, Domestic Abuse and the Hague Convention Across Borders](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2026/06/29/our-next-webinar-whose-safety-matters-women-domestic-abuse-and-the-hague-convention-across-borders/)
- [Report on Victim-blaming Launched in Parliament](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2026/06/28/judicial-bias-report-launched-in-parliament/)
- [MP Lisa Smart's contribution to the debate on international child abduction](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2026/05/26/mp-lisa-smarts-contribution-to-the-debate-on-international-child-abduction/)
- [Parliamentary debate on International child abduction](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2026/05/23/parliamentary-debate-on-international-child-abduction/) - Our response to a recent UK parliamentary debate on international child abduction, raising concerns that the discussion focused almost entirely on the perspectives of left-behind fathers while failing to consider the safety and wellbeing of victim-survivor mothers and children.
- [DV & the Hague Abduction Convention: Safeguarding Survivors](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2025/09/18/dv-the-hague-abduction-convention-safeguarding-survivors/) - On 12 September, FiLiA Hague Mothers, GlobalARRK, Sanctuary for Families, and Revibra Europa held a sell-out webinar which looked at the challenges facing mothers and their children who are caught up in the Hague Abduction Convention. The stellar international line-up included legal and academic experts, frontline professionals, and survivors. Our keynote speaker UNSR Reem Alsalem spoke of the
- [HCCH Hague DV Forum presentations](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/02/18/hcch-hague-dv-forum-presentations/)
- [Our partners at Equality Now have published a blog on the recent thematic hearing at the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2026/04/29/our-partners-at-equality-now-have-published-a-blog-on-the-recent-thematic-hearing-at-the-inter-american-commission-on-human-rights/)
- [FHM at the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights in Guatemala City](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2026/03/11/fhm-at-the-inter-american-commission-on-human-rights-in-guatemala-city/)
- [Network Against Non-State Torture Launch (NNST) Feb 3 2026](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2026/03/02/network-against-non-state-torture-launch-nnst-feb-3-2026/)
- [An Exposé of the Betrayal of Mothers by The Hague Convention on Child Abduction](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2026/03/01/an-expose-of-the-betrayal-of-mothers-by-the-hague-convention-on-child-abduction/)
- [Barbara Murphy: Angels of Paradise](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2026/01/21/barbara-murphy-angels-of-paradise/) - "Mothers around the world today are often trapped in untenable situations where they have the entire legal system weaponized against them if they try to protect their kids. Angels of Paradise delves into the flaws of the criminal justice system and the quest for moral and spiritual justice."
- [FiLiA 2022 Recording: Hague Mothers: Injustice To Activism](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2022/12/01/filia-2022-recording-hague-mothers-injustice-to-activism/) - We’re delighted to share the recording of the Hague Mothers' session from October's FiLiA Conference in Cardiff.
- [No Clause 104 Campaign](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2025/12/08/no-clause-104-campaign/) - Clause 104 of the UK's Crime & Policing Bill will criminalise DV victim-survivors and forcibly separate mothers & children. It is about to be debated in the House of Lords. Along with colleagues from the VAW sector we are calling for the clause to be removed and have sent this letter, and a full briefing to a number of peers to ask for their support.
- [Domestic Abuse victims to be criminalised under new law](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2025/11/24/domestic-abuse-victims-to-be-criminalised-under-new-law/) - The Crime & Policing Bill currently in the House of Lords contains a worrying provision (para 104) which would criminalise mothers who attempt to escape an abusive relationship by going back to their home country with their children. It is supported by fathers' rights groups and, shockingly, by Reunite charity. This Guardian article provides more
- [Svetlana Balac’s Story](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2025/10/30/svetlana-balacs-story/) - “When I finally found the courage to leave with my children, I hoped for safety (...) instead I was met with the machinery of the Hague Child Abduction Convention” Watch Svetlana Balac’s testimony, presented on September 12 at our Safeguarding Survivors webinar.
- [Reem Alsalem's keynote speech from Safeguarding Survivors Webinar](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2025/10/30/reem-alsalems-keynote-speech-from-safeguarding-survivors-webinar/) - On 12 September, FiLiA Hague Mothers, GlobalARRK, Sanctuary for Families, and Revibra Europa held a sell-out webinar which looked at the challenges facing mothers and their children who are caught up in the Hague Abduction Convention. You can now watch the keynote speech of UN Special Rapporteur on Violence against Women and Girls, Reem Alsalem
- [Webinar. DV & the Hague Abduction Convention: Safeguarding Survivors](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2025/08/15/webinar-dv-the-hague-abduction-convention-safeguarding-survivors/) - FiLiA Hague Mothers, GlobalARRK, Sanctuary for Families, and Revibra Europa are delighted to invite you to an international webinar on 12 September, 1700-2015 BST. Keynote Speaker: UNSR VAWG Reem Alsalem Panellists: Professor Joan Meier (US), Dr Charlotte Proudman (UK), Juliana Wahlgren (Brazil), Nishat Hyder-Rahman (EU), Hague survivors (Argentina, Ireland, US) Panel Moderators: Nicole Fidler (US),
- [World Congress on Family Law and Children’s Rights 2025](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2025/08/15/world-congress-on-family-law-and-childrens-rights-2025/) - 'First, the Hague Convention was created at a time when the nuance and subtlety of family violence, much less coercive control as an underpinning dynamic of family violence, was not well understood. Second the related phenomenon of a parent taking children to flee family violence and coercive control and return to their home country with
- [One Mother's Heartbreak: a letter to the Hague](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2025/07/30/one-mothers-heartbreak-a-letter-to-the-hague/) - 'I write to you not as a legal expert, but as a mother—a mother who has been stripped of everything that once gave her life meaning. A mother whose only “crime” was to flee domestic abuse to protect her young children, and who has been punished ever since for doing just that. My story is not unique, but it is devastating. It is one of hundreds—maybe thousands—of mothers who are suffering under the misapplication of the Hague Convention, used not to protect, but to persecute; not to serve justice, but to prolong abuse.
- [Dr Charlotte Proudman: Protecting survivors—domestic laws vs Hague proceedings](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2025/07/30/dr-charlotte-proudman-protecting-survivors-domestic-laws-vs-hague-proceedings/) - This blog post by Dr. Charlotte Proudman compares how domestic abuse is addressed in UK family law versus under the Hague Abduction Convention, highlighting the stark discrepancies in protection for victim-survivors, especially mothers and children.
- [An essential new article: Nowhere in the World to Run (The 19th News) written by Olivia Gentile](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2025/06/19/an-essential-new-article-nowhere-in-the-world-to-run-the-19th-news-written-by-olivia-gentile/) - Nowhere in the world to run: The international law ripping children from their mothers. Written by Olivia Gentile A new investigative feature from The 19th News reveals how the Hague Abduction Convention has been weaponized by abusive fathers to separate mothers and their children. Featuring firsthand stories of 26 mothers and a legal analysis, the
- [New Treaty Proposal on Safety for Survivors of Family Violence](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2025/06/19/new-treaty-proposal-on-safety-for-survivors-of-family-violence/) - Professor Merle Weiner is the Philip H. Knight Professor of Law at the University of Oregon, and a hugely appreciated member of our International Strategy Group. Her commitment to the protection of victim-survivors caught up in the Hague Abduction Convention has resulted in a number of important papers including the powerful You Can and You
- [Domestic abuse & the Hague Abduction Convention (1.5 hours)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2025/05/07/domestic-abuse-the-hague-abduction-convention-1-5-hours/) - This interactive training was co-created by FiLiA Hague Mothers in collaboration with Hague Explained. It’s designed to raise awareness about the specific challenges faced by victim-survivors (particularly protective mothers and their children) who are affected by the Hague Abduction Convention. Who it it for? Domestic abuse professionals LINK TO FOLLOW
- [UCL Documentaries: Hague Mothers丨Why mothers are 'abducting' their own child?](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/02/19/ucl-documentaries-hague-mothers丨why-mothers-are-abducting-their-own-child/)
- [Domestic abuse & the Hague Abduction Convention](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2025/05/01/domestic-abuse-the-hague-abduction-convention/)
- [From Abduction to Protection: ending the injustices of the Hague Convention](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/02/17/from-abduction-to-protection-ending-the-injustices-of-the-hague-convention-2/)
- [UCL: Migrant Mothers Fleeing Violence Across Borders 24/25: Hague Mothers](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/02/20/ucl-migrant-mothers-fleeing-violence-across-borders-24-25-hague-mothers/)
- [WAVE Network podcast: The Hague Mothers - voices of resilience for the protection of children.](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/02/21/wave-network-podcast-the-hague-mothers-voices-of-resilience-for-the-protection-of-children/) - In this episode, WAVE is joined by Ruth Dineen and Kim Fawcett from the FiLiA Hague Mothers campaign, who provide valuable insights into the often-overlooked consequences of the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction.
- [UCL: Child Friendly Family Courts: Panel 3. Hague Abduction Convention and Migration](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/02/22/ucl-child-friendly-family-courts-panel-3-hague-abduction-convention-and-migration/)
- [Inciteful Sisters podcast: Ruth Dineen and the Hague Mothers](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/02/23/inciteful-sisters-podcast-ruth-dineen-and-the-hague-mothers/)
- [Women's Rights Network: The 1980 Hague Abduction Convention - what it means for any family living or working abroad](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/02/24/womens-rights-network-the-1980-hague-abduction-convention-what-it-means-for-any-family-living-or-working-abroad/)
- [FiLiA #211 Explaining the 1980 Hague Abduction Convention. What every international family needs to know.](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/02/25/filia-211-explaining-the-1980-hague-abduction-convention-what-every-international-family-needs-to-know/)
- [Sammie & Lydia's Stories. Breaking Silence Season 3 Episode 4: The Hague Convention](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/02/26/breaking-silence-season-3-episode-4-the-hague-convention/) - A powerful documentary featuring Sammie and Lydia, co-founders of the New Zealand Hague Collective which helps other protective mothers navigate this terrifying international law. Their experiences were traumatic; their situations desperate. And yet the Hague Convention sent them back to their abusers. Their courage in sharing their stories, and their generosity in deciding to use
- [CSW69 | Beyond Borders: Strengthening the Hague Convention for Domestic Violence Survivors](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2025/04/30/csw69-beyond-borders-strengthening-the-hague-convention-for-domestic-violence-survivors/)
- [Time for Change: the Hague & domestic violence](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2025/05/02/time-for-change-the-hague-domestic-violence/)
- [Narkis Golan's Story. One mother’s fight.](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/04/16/the-hague-narkis-golan-one-mothers-fight/) - A discussion about the case of Hague Mother Narkis Golan whose case went all the way to the Supreme Court in 2022.
- [Mothers' voices, mothers' lives](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/01/10/mothers-voices-mothers-lives/) - Last October 10th and 11th, we stood outside the Eighth Hague Special Commission meeting, handing out a copy of our Hague Mothers’ booklet to the 100+ delegates as they arrived. We asked them to work with us to end the abuse and heartache suffered by mothers and children whose only crime is ‘being a victim of
- [Anita's story - part 2. The aftermath: a black hole](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2025/02/22/the-aftermath-of-a-hague-case-a-black-hole/) - What happens when the parent a child is returned to, and forced to live with, dies? This is what has happened so far in my case. My ex-husband, father of my two children, died suddenly, early in 2024. He had refused to allow me to see our children for almost 9 years, insisting that I
- [A Japanese mother's tragedy](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2025/02/02/a-japanese-mothers-tragedy/) - Report by Krisztina Les, Patent Association. A burned female body was found on 29th of January in an apartment in Budapest. The victim, a Japanese woman who had been living in Budapest for years and raising her two young children alone, sought legal assistance from PATENT Association, a Hungarian women’s right organisation, in 2023. She
- [Constanza's Story. Forced to return her children to an abusive father](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/02/27/forced-to-return-her-children-to-an-abusive-father/) - Read Constanza's story, as told to HM member Louise Godbold.
- [Shelley's story. Trapped & Controlled - post-Hague reality](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/02/27/trapped-controlled-post-hague-reality/) - Even before my estranged husband invoked the Hague Convention, this country, in very real sense, became my prison. Travel to see my family in Wales was deemed 'too costly', or 'not convenient' and so I only returned a few times within the seven years of being here. This was made more difficult as I became
- [Anita's Story - part 1. Over eight years of loss](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2025/02/27/a-hague-convention-case-over-eight-years-of-loss/) - This account is by Anita Gera. In 2013 - 2014 I lived in my home country of the UK for eleven and a half months, essentially as a single mother with my two children. We had moved back with their African-American father’s permission. He was a commercial pilot so provided our tickets, encouraged me to
- [Duluth Wheel and One-pager](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2025/04/25/duluth-wheel-and-one-pager/) - We are incredibly proud to share that the Hague Mothers Duluth Wheel is now complete! This tool was co-created by FiLiA Hague Mothers, in collaboration with survivor mothers and professionals from around the world. Through powerful conversations, and shared lived experiences we developed a resource that captures the systemic forms of abuse experienced through the
- [Advice for Mothers leaflet (English)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2025/04/24/advice-for-mothers-leaflet-english/)
- [The Hague Mothers: voices of resilience for the protection of children](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2025/01/21/the-hague-mothers-voices-of-resilience-for-the-protection-of-children/) - Kim Fawcett and Ruth Dineen discuss the Hague Abduction Convention with our partners WAVE (Women Against Violence Europe). They share powerful stories of resilience and advocacy and reveal the often-overlooked consequences of the Convention for victims of domestic abuse. Thanks to WAVE for the opportunity.
- [Conference “15 Years of the HCCH Washington Declaration: Progress and Perspectives on International Family Relocation”](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2025/04/23/conference-15-years-of-the-hcch-washington-declaration-progress-and-perspectives-on-international-family-relocation/) - Our partner organisation, Global ARRK has participated in the conference held in Washington. Please read our member, Roz Osborne’s ( CEO of Global ARRK) reflection piece about the conference: Reflecting on 15 Years Since the Washington Declaration on International Relocation Fifteen years ago, a group of international experts came together to address the complex issue
- [WRN Podcast from Hague Explained](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2025/04/23/wrn-podcast-from-hague-explained/) - New Zoom video on the Women’s Rights Network YouTube channel. Anita Gera, co-founder of Hague Explained, lays bare the shocking truth about the power wielded under the 1980 Hague Abduction Convention against mothers taking their children across a national border to rebuild after leaving an abusive relationship. Watch the video here.
- [Launch of our new training programme - Domestic Violence & The Hague Convention](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2025/03/08/launch-of-our-new-training-programme-domestic-violence-the-hague-convention/) - Alongside our partner, Hague Explained, and with the help of domestic abuse experts, we have created a training session on Domestic Abuse and the Hague Abduction Convention, which launches today. The interactive 90-minute session will cover the problems of the Convention for victim-survivors (mothers and their children) and, using case studies, will look at ways
- [New research: We have lost our humanity…](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2025/01/21/new-research-we-have-lost-our-humanity/) - The bias that prevails in Hague courts, where domestic abuse is routinely minimised or dismissed, and mothers and children are disbelieved, is replicated in family courts worldwide. This important paper from FHM member Dr Sonja Aleb-Karlsson (University College London) looks at the impact of these systemic failings on children in England and Wales. ‘We have
- [Hague Mothers: Flight. Return. Silence.](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2022/04/19/hague-mothers-flight-return-silence/) - Today we are launching the Hague Mothers' Campaign website. We are aiming to end the injustices caused by legislation that all too frequently leads to a continuation of abuse - of mothers and children - and even to a mother losing custody of the child she has been trying to protect.
- [The Hague Convention & Domestic Violence: Fleeing to Safety – Returned to Abuse](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2022/04/21/the-hague-convention-domestic-violence-fleeing-to-safety-returned-to-abuse/) - In this episode of the FiLiA podcast, lawyer and activist Sudha Shetty talks to us about the often desperate consequences of The Hague Convention for mothers and their children who are fleeing domestic violence. Her response to this injustice has been inspirational: the Hague Domestic Violence Project which she founded is a beacon of hope which we hope to build on through our international Hague Mothers’ project.
- [The Women Lost Everything: The Hague Convention in Australia](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2022/04/27/the-women-lost-everything-the-hague-convention-in-australia/) - Lawyer and academic Gina Masterton became an activist when her sister had a Hague case brought against her. That story has a (rare) happy ending but Gina continues to campaign to get the Convention amended. In this episode she talks about the harshness of the Australian courts and the extent to which the convention is failing both mothers and their children.
- [Resistance is Futile](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2022/05/10/resistance-is-futile/) - “On the current operation of the law, once a woman conceives a child, regardless of the father’s subsequent level of involvement or conduct, she has unwittingly traded her right to liberty of movement and the freedom to choose her own place of residence if she wants to retain custody of her child. The Australian High Court has reaffirmed that, within this patriarchal legal system, resistance is futile.”
- [Migrant Women Reality Watch](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2022/05/16/migrant-women-reality-watch/) - Hague Mothers' co-ordinator Ruth Dineen, and barrister and academic Adrienne Barrett discuss the injustices faced by mothers as part of The European Network of Migrant Women's Reality Watch series. Find out more about the Convention and the devastating impact it can have on women in this situation.
- [Being ‘Hagued’: How Weaponising the Hague Convention Harms Women](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2022/06/13/being-hagued-how-weaponising-the-hague-convention-harms-women/) - Gina Masterton looks at the experiences of domestic violence survivors who have been 'Hagued': forced to return children taken unlawfully across international borders.
- [How Perpetrators Use the Legal Systems to Control Women](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2022/07/06/how-perpetrators-use-the-legal-systems-to-control-women/) - Harriet Wistrich, Director of the Centre for Women’s Justice looks at how the Hague Convention is increasingly used as a (highly effective) weapon of abuse.
- [Coercive Control: Why Children In Court Are Labelled ‘Liars’](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2022/07/07/coercive-control-why-children-in-court-are-labelled-liars/) - This blog by Natalie Page explores the impacts of coercive control and how states worldwide are failing children.
- [Coercive Control in Children's and Mothers' Lives](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2022/07/11/coercive-control-in-childrens-and-mothers-lives/) - Emma Katz discusses coercive control, a severe form of domestic violence experienced by millions of children worldwide.
- [Domestic Abuse: how survivors can get through family law court](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2022/08/04/domestic-abuse-how-survivors-can-get-through-family-law-court/) - Rima Hussein and Imane El Hakimi offer advice to help survivors get through the family law court process.
- [Coercive Control in Children's and Mothers' Lives with Emma Katz](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2022/09/22/coercive-control-in-childrens-and-mothers-lives-with-emma-katz/) - Dr Emma Katz, a leading expert in coercive control and its impact on children is interviewed by FiLiA Trustee Sally Jackson. A must for anyone working in the field or who cares about someone it has affected, Emma describes what coercive control is like for Mothers and their children and importantly how the Mother–child relationship affects its impact and their recovery.
- [Mothers are Being Penalised and Criminalised for Trying to Protect Their Children](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/01/13/mothers-are-being-penalised-and-criminalised-for-trying-to-protect-their-children/) - The Hague Convention turns protective mothers in to criminals and rewards abusive fathers who use the Convention to retain power and control over both mother and child. Here's one story, from a mother who is fighting for justice - for herself and other mothers caught up in the nightmare of the Hague.
- [Our letter to the Australian Attorney-General](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/01/13/our-letter-to-the-australian-attorney-general/) - Our letter to the Australian Attorney General after a 2-year-old indigenous Australian child was taken from her protective mother and given to her abusive father – who she barely knows. To date, not a single Australian politician has stepped up to prevent this brutal injustice.
- [What Australia’s New Law Means for Hague Convention Parental Child-Abduction Cases](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/01/23/what-australias-new-law-means-for-hague-convention-parental-child-abduction-cases/) - ‘Australia should see this as an opportunity to establish itself as a global champion and a safe haven for children and women who have been victims of abuse. It is an opportunity to demonstrate serious leadership in shifting thinking about child abuse and domestic violence away from being mere jurisdictional issues to matters of common humanity.’
- [Trapped: Reflections on the Thai Cave Rescue](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/01/24/trapped-reflections-on-the-thai-cave-rescue/) - Donna Johnson reflects on the Thai Rescue in an attempt to describe the plight of women entrapped by abusive male partners.
- [Home With My Children - Mothers' Voices](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/02/16/home-with-my-children-mothers-voices/) - An audio interview with Jenny Wat, a documentary filmmaker raising awareness of the Hague Convention among mothers.
- [Shocked by the Harms Inflicted by the Hague Convention](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/02/24/shocked-by-the-harms-inflicted-by-the-hague-convention/) - This brief looks at how more emphasis can be given to the rights and autonomy of the children affected by the Hague Abduction Convention.
- [What needs to change? A Hague Mothers Position Paper](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/02/25/what-needs-to-change-a-hague-mothers-position-paper/) - Our position paper outlines the changes necessary to ensure that the Convention both acknowledges the significance of domestic violence in Hague cases and prioritises the safety of victims.
- [<strong>Hague Mothers go to Melbourne!</strong>](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/03/12/hague-mothers-go-to-melbourne/) - We took a significant step towards our goal to end the injustices created by the Hague Abduction Convention recently when four members of our Australia/New Zealand project team were invited to discuss the issues at a roundtable meeting with the Family Law Council on behalf of the Australian Attorney-General.
- [The 'Parental Alienation' Belief System - and its Impact on Mothers.](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/03/13/the-parental-alienation-belief-system-and-its-impact-on-mothers/) - An overview of the harms of the so-called ‘Parental Alienation’ belief system, which is used globally to deny child sexual and other abuse.
- [Webinar: From Abduction to Protection– Ending the Injustices of the Hague](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/03/17/webinar-from-abduction-to-protection-ending-the-injustices-of-the-hague/) - International Webinar featuring Adrienne Barnett (UK), Miranda Kaye (Australia), Sudha Shetty (US), Nicole Fidler (US), Jeffrey Edleson (US), Ben Keith (NZ). Q&A support from Kim Fawcett (UK) and Sonja Ayeb-Karlsson.
- [Teaching the Hague & Inspiring Activists](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/04/29/teaching-the-hague-inspiring-activists/) - The Hague Abduction Convention process allows fathers to continue to abuse mothers who are fleeing violence. Changing it is difficult. It will need a whole generation of activist lawyers and policy-makers. Sonja & Kim have begun that task with their undergraduates. Find out what they are doing, why it's important, and what the response of their students has been to their innovative and powerful teaching.
- [It's post-separation legal abuse, not high-conflict divorce](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/05/05/its-post-separation-legal-abuse-not-high-conflict-divorce/) - The legal system often mistakes legal abuse for "high conflict divorce" and assumes that both parties are equally at fault. Find out how the courts could protect victims, rather than enabling their abusers to continue, and even escalate the abuse.
- [From Abduction to Protection: ending the injustices of the Hague Convention](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/05/06/from-abduction-to-protection-ending-the-injustices-of-the-hague-convention/) - Our experts explain the problems, and the often brutal reality for mothers caught up in a Hague Convention case. They also propose solutions which could help ensure the safety and wellbeing of mothers and children, and lead to a more just outcome.
- [Interview with Anna Kerr of the Feminist Legal Clinic, Australia](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/05/18/interview-with-anna-kerr-of-the-feminist-legal-clinic-australia/) - Activist Anna Kerr explains why the operation of the Hague Convention has become a feminist issue.
- [The Hague Abduction Convention. A Human Rights Issue.](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/09/11/the-hague-abduction-convention-a-human-rights-abuse/) - "This legislation forced me and my two-year old daughter in to homelessness. This law doesn’t care about justice. It stripped us of our basic right to have a roof over our heads, favouring the rights of the father no matter what the consequences for us." Ruth explains why the HM campaign is needed and how
- ['Stop' Earrings from Women are People Too](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/09/11/stop-earrings-from-women-are-people-too/) - These beautiful silver earrings - subtly referencing the 'Stop VAWG' campaign - were designed by Dittany (Dee for short) of Women are People Too. Having designed necklaces for FiLiA last year around the same theme (available here), Dee felt that the earrings were a good fit for our HM campaign to protect mothers and children.
- [Mums on the Run & Hague Mothers' response](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/09/12/mums-on-the-run-hague-mothers-response/) - Ed Thomas' powerful BBC documentary: Mums On The Run: Failed By The Family Court has shone a light on one aspect of the Hague Abduction Convention. We are grateful to him and to the courageous mothers who spoke out - albeit anonymously. Their stories need to be heard. Please note, if you are outside the
- [Letter to The Hague Conference from UN Special Rapporteur Reem Alsalem and colleagues](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/09/26/letter-to-the-hague-conference-from-un-special-rapporteur-reem-alsalem-and-colleagues/) - Thanks to UN Special Rapporteur on Violence Against Women and Girls Reem Alsalem, UN Special Rapporteur on the Sale, Sexual Abuse and Sexual Exploitation of Children Mama Fatima Singhateh, and UN Special Rapporteur on Torture Dr Alice Edwards for their eloquent support for mothers and children fleeing domestic violence and abuse. Their letter points out
- [Open Letter to The Hague Special Bureau](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/10/01/open-letter/) - Ahead of the October Special Session on the 1980 Child Abduction Convention, we have sent this open letter, signed by over 90 international experts, with the following requests: 1. A recognition, reflected in the summary and conclusions of the Special Session, that improvement is needed in the implementation of the Hague Abduction Convention for survivors
- [Hague Mothers at the Hague! #ProtectHagueVictims Petition](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/10/10/hague-mothers-at-the-hague/) - Mothers and their supporters were in The Hague today as delegates from all parts of the world arrived for the Eighth Meeting of the Special Commission on the practical operation of the Hague (HCCH) Child Abduction Convention. The Convention was set up in 1980 to address civil aspects of cross-border child abductions. It aims to
- [In a nutshell](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/11/08/in-a-nutshell/) - Hague expert and activist (and HM Australia team member) Gina Masterton was recently asked about the Convention. She has given us permission to publish her eloquent and comprehensive reply: I'm not opposed to the 1980 Hague Child Abduction Convention (HCAC) not being amended, as it works well for its original purpose i.e. cases involving fathers
- [No exception. How the Hague Convention fails women fleeing domestic violence](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/11/08/no-exception-how-the-hague-convention-fails-women-fleeing-domestic-violence/) - An overview of the injustices of the Hague Convention by trauma expert (and US team member) Louise Godbold for Culturico. Read the article here. Image is shared from article
- [The endless brutality of the Hague Convention - call to action from Her Hague Story](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/11/17/the-endless-brutality-of-the-hague-convention-call-to-action-from-her-hague-story/) - Narkis Golan was a protective mother who took her Hague Convention case all the way to the US Supreme Court. Seven judges found unanimously that both she and her young son were victims of severe and persistent domestic violence at the hands of the child's Italian father. And that her son would be at 'grave
- [The Impossible Escape: the story of Narkis Golan](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/01/27/the-impossible-escape-the-story-of-narkis-golan/) - After a seven-year battle, Narkis Golan’s vulnerable son Bradley has been allowed to remain in the US with his loving aunt. It should not have been so hard for a protective mother to safeguard her child. The Hague Convention is not fit for purpose. Her story is here. Photographs are shared from article.
- [Failed by the Family Court?](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/01/27/failed-by-the-family-court/) - A BBC documentary - 'Mums on the Run: failed by the Family Court' revealed the desperation of mothers who flee to Northern Cyprus in an attempt to safeguard themselves and their children. In doing so, they leave their families and friends, their homes, and their jobs. Many end up in poverty, trapped in the country
- [Family Courts can seriously damage your health](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/02/04/family-courts-can-seriously-damage-your-health/) - A new study by Dr Elizabeth Dalgarno and others has highlighted serious physical and mental harms reported by mothers. Importantly, in England, children were forced into contact with fathers in 43/45 cases, even where fathers were convicted child sex offenders. Mother’s medical notes were accessed by the courts without their consent and used to mock
- [2024 & a shiny new structure!](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/02/26/2024-a-shiny-new-structure/) - FiLiA Hague Mothers came in to being almost two years ago, inspired by a chance meeting with a formidable Hague mum, and the realisation that the well-intentioned Hague Abduction Convention is being used to further control domestic abuse victims. That understanding led to a conversation with FiLiA’s CEO Lisa-Marie. And that conversation resulted in the
- [No time to lose. UK declares violence against women a 'national threat'](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/02/26/no-time-to-lose-uk-declares-violence-against-women-a-national-threat/) - UN Special Rapporteur on violence against women and girls Reem Alsalem has declared violence against women a 'national threat' in the UK. That includes the 'institutional violence' of the courts. In a statement at the end of a 10-day visit to the country she goes on to say: 'Entrenched patriarchy at almost every level of society, combined
- [February 2024 Newsletter](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/02/29/february-2024-newsletter/) - Hague-Mothers-February-2024-NewsletterDownload
- [The Hague Abduction Convention and the enabling of abuse.](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/03/25/the-hague-abduction-convention-and-the-enabling-of-abuse/) - Submission to UNSR VAWG. Reem Alsalem, the UN Special Rapporteur on violence against women and girls recently completed a fact-finding visit to the UK. Our submission included the stories of two Hague mothers whose lives and freedom of movement are now entirely controlled by their abusive ex-partners, enabled by international law. “I fear that freedom
- [Article 13(b) Defence in a Hague Convention Case](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/03/25/article-13b-defence-in-a-hague-convention-case/) - We're delighted to feature this guest blog from Right to Equality whose founder and CEO, Dr Charlotte Proudman, represented the mother in a recent UK case which helps set a precedent that domestic abuse is serious and can create a situation where the child is at grave risk if returned to their abuser. Dr Proudman is
- [Podcast with Revibra Europa](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/03/27/podcast-with-revibra-europa/) - "Sometimes going back [to Brazil] is the only way to ensure that they will stay alive and to protect their children. If you are in a place where you don't have a support system, you don't have a network, you don't know that you can stay there ... they can't file a complaint. They are
- [May 2024 Newsletter](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/05/27/may-2024-newsletter/) - Hague-Mothers-May-NewsletterDownload
- [Rapporteur of 1980 Convention proposes 'reinterpretation' to take account of domestic violence.](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/06/17/rapporteur-of-1980-convention-proposes-reinterpretation-to-take-account-of-domestic-violence/) - In a hugely significant interview for Uruguayan newspaper La Diaria, one of the originators of the treaty Judge Elisa Pérez-Vera told journalist Patrícia Álvares: "If I had to write it today, I would think that one of the circumstances that judges can take into account when affirming that there is an exception to the return of the child to
- [Forum on the Hague Convention & Domestic Violence 18-21 June 2024](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/07/10/forum-on-the-hague-convention-domestic-violence-18-21-june-2024/) - Our member Donna Johnson summarised each day of the Forum from Johannesburg.
- [Hague DV Forum - in praise of the sisterhood.](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/07/17/hague-dv-forum-in-praise-of-the-sisterhood/) - FiLiA Hague Mothers International Coordinator Ruth Dineen reflects on an event which was an inspiring example of the global sisterhood in action.
- [Breaking news: Brazil declares domestic violence an exception to repatriation under the Hague Convention](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/08/26/breaking-news-brazil-declares-domestic-violence-an-exception-to-repatriation-under-the-hague-convention/) - Patricia Alvarez of The Hague Papers reports on a potentially groundbreaking declaration by the Brazilian Government - one which could be a first step towards safeguarding victims of domestic violence, both mothers and children, who are caught up in Hague proceedings. Read the article on The Hague Papers here. The image is reproduced from their
- [Open Letter to UNSR Reem Alsalem from French mothers seeking asylum](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/08/28/open-letter-to-unsr-reem-alsalem-from-french-mothers-seeking-asylum/) - We are sharing this open letter in solidarity with mothers across the world who are being failed by a justice system which is no longer fit for purpose. 'Instead of protecting my children the system targeted me, the protective mother, branding me as an alienating mother without foundation and sentencing me to six months of suspended
- [How a TV documentary announcement sparked social media uproar in Japan ](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/08/28/how-a-tv-documentary-announcement-sparked-social-media-uproar-in-japan/) - Lisa Ogawa, co-founder Hague Mothers Japan has sent us this report about media accounts of 'child abduction' and the growing feminist solidarity which is challenging this one-sided narrative. Some three months ago, in May 2024, Japan's Diet (parliament) passed a bill introducing joint parental authority. While few oppose voluntary joint parental authority, many feared the possibility of court-mandated
- [FHM Podcast with Inciteful Sisters](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2025/01/21/fhm-podcast-with-inciteful-sisters/) - Ruth was recently invited by the podcast team 'Inciteful Sisters' to talk about FHM and the problems of the Hague Abduction Convention. Please help us raise awareness by sharing widely. Every new person who gets to hear about the brutal impact of the Convention on mothers and children is a potential ally. You can listen
- [Krisztina joins the team!](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2025/01/21/krisztina-joins-the-team/) - Thanks to the funding we have received from Treebeard Trust, we are absolutely delighted to welcome Krisztina Les as our new P/T Administrator and Project Support person. Krisztina is a social worker with extensive experience addressing violence against women. She has worked for several years with NGOs focusing on women’s rights, including supporting survivors of domestic
- [Treebeard Funding](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/11/24/treebeard-funding/) - We are absolutely delighted (an understatement) that Treebeard Trust will be funding a part-time administrator for the next year, and have also offered informal and ongoing advice to help us with our campaign. The Trust also fund organisations such as Rights of Women and the Centre for Women's Justice so we are in very good
- [Mother's Voices Video](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/08/01/mothers-voices-video/) - This moving Mother's Voices video is one of our contributions to the Hague DV Forum. Mothers' testimonies were presented to the 100+ in-person attendees and 200+ on-line attendees; judges, commissioners, state representatives, lawyers, DV professionals, women's rights and children's rights advocates, academics, and mothers from across the world. With our thanks to all those who contributed, to
- [January 2024 Newsletter](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/01/29/january-2024-newsletter/) - Hague-Mothers-January-2024-NewsletterDownload
- [March 2024 Newsletter](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/03/29/march-2024-newsletter/) - Hague-Mothers-March-2024-NewsletterDownload
- [April 2024 Newsletter](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2024/04/30/april-2024-newsletter/) - Hague-Mothers-April-2024-NewsletterDownload
- [January 2023 - Newsletter](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/01/04/january-2023-newsletter/) - Hague-Mothers-January-2023-NewsletterDownload
- [August 2023 - Newsletter](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/08/04/august-2023-newsletter/) - Hague-Mothers-August-2023-NewsletterDownload
- [June 2022 Newsletter](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2022/06/04/june-2022-newsletter/) - Hague-Mothers-Newsletter-June-2022-NewsletterDownload
- [August 2022 Newsletter](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2022/08/04/august-2022-newsletter/) - Hague-Mothers-August-2022-NewsletterDownload
- [September 2022 Newsletter](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2022/09/04/september-2022-newsletter/) - Hague-Mothers-September-2022-NewsletterDownload
- [November 2022 Newsletter](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2022/11/04/november-2022-newsletter/) - Hague-Mothers-November-2022-NewsletterDownload
- [February 2023 Newsletter](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/02/04/february-2023-newsletter/) - Hague-Mothers-February-2023-NewsletterDownload
- [March 2023 Newsletter](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/03/04/march-2023-newsletter/) - Hague-Mothers-March-2023-NewsletterDownload
- [April / May 2023 Newsletter](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/05/04/april-may-2023-newsletter/) - Hague-Mothers-April_May-2023-NewsletterDownload
- [May / June 2023 Newsletter](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/06/04/may-june-2023-newsletter/) - Hague-Mothers-May_June-2023-NewsletterDownload
- [July 2023 Newsletter](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/07/04/july-2023-newsletter/) - Hague-Mothers-July-2023-NewsletterDownload
- [September 2023 Newsletter](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/09/04/september-2023-newsletter/) - Hague-Mothers-September-2023-NewsletterDownload
- [November 2023 Newsletter](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/11/04/november-2023-newsletter/) - Hague-Mothers-November-2023-NewsletterDownload
- [December 2023 Newsletter](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/2023/12/04/december-2023-newsletter/) - Hague-Mothers-December-2023-NewsletterDownload

## Pages

- [Home](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/) - A FiLiA Legacy Project to raise awareness of the impact on mothers affected by decisions made by the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction and fight against injustices perpetuated by this legislation.
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## Documents

- [Protection of Abducting Mothers in Return Proceedings under the 1980 Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction (July 2023)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/protection-of-abducting-mothers-in-return-proceedings-under-the-1980-hague-convention-on-the-civil-aspects-of-international-child-abduction/) - Policy brief overview of the Hague Convention and domestic violence.
- [The protection of children from violence in the context of intimate partner violence/domestic violence and custody & visitation (12 December 2022)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/the-protection-of-children-from-violence-in-the-context-of-intimate-partner-violence-domestic-violence-and-custody-visitation/) - An overview of the international normative framework in relation to the protection of children from violence. It focuses on issues related to custody rights. Published by WAVE: Women against Violence Europe Network
- [Coercive Control Literature Review (June 2023)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/coercive-control-literature-review/) - Coercive control in the context of domestic and family violence. Focus on Australia.
- [Hearing Children’s Objections in Hague Child Abduction Proceedings in England and Wales, Australia, and the USA (5 August 2023)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/hearing-childrens-objections-in-hague-child-abduction-proceedings-in-england-and-wales-australia-and-the-usa/) - A comparative study of how children’s objections to return are dealt with across three jurisdictions.
- [Policy Briefing: The 1980 Hague Convention & the flight from domestic abuse (March 2023)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/policy-briefing-the-1980-hague-convention-the-flight-from-domestic-abuse-hague-mothers-brunel-university-global-lives-research-centre/) - A briefing paper for the HAC parliamentary debate 22 March 2023. Endorsed by: Durham University Gender & law Research Centre, Survivor Family Network, SHERA Research Group.
- [The 1980 Hague Convention. Inequality of Arms: mothers’ experiences (October 2022)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/the-1980-hague-convention-inequality-of-arms-mothers-experiences/) - Hague Mothers briefing paper based on a presentation prepared for the 2022 FiLiA Conference. Focus is on Australia.
- [Submission to the LCA Legislation Committee Inquiry into the Family Law Amendment Bill 2023 (Australia) 23 June 2023](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/submission-to-the-lca-legislation-committee-inquiry-into-the-family-law-amendment-bill-2023-australia/) - Our submission to the Legal & Constitutional Affairs Legislation Committee Inquiry in relation to the Hague Abduction Convention.
- [Time for Change report: an action plan for the UK](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/time-for-change-report-an-action-plan-for-the-uk/) - Outcomes from our Time for Change co-design workshop which considered how best to support and safeguard mothers and children who are victims of abusive relationships.
- [Getting Hagued. The impact of international law on child abduction by protective mothers (March 2014)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/getting-hagued-the-impact-of-international-law-on-child-abduction-by-protective-mothers/) - Discusses the gendered impact of the Hague Convention & its trivialisation of domestic violence.
- [Protection of Abducting Mothers in Return Proceedings: intersection between DV & parental child abduction (23 April 2021)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/protection-of-abducting-mothers-in-return-proceedings-intersection-between-dv-parental-child-abduction/) - UK National Report
- [Sisters taking on the Hague](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/sisters-taking-on-the-hague/) - Gina and Rebecca Masterton talk about challenging international law, domestic violence, and The Voice.
- [Protecting children from coercive control: a case for denying return under the Hague Abduction Convention](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/protecting-children-from-coercive-control-a-case-for-denying-return-under-the-hague-abduction-convention/)
- [US Hague win - 13(1)b and 'well-settled' defence](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/us-hague-win-131b-and-well-settled-defence/) - Our thanks to Professor Jeffrey Edleson, one of the expert witnesses in this case (the other was forensic psychologist Dr Dante Spetter), for alerting us to this recent judgment. Both experts testified that domestic violence towards the mother is a serious risk to the child; both also raised concerns regarding coercive control and the escalation
- [FiLiA Hague Mothers Statement](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/filia-hague-mothers-statement/) - Our response to a recent UK parliamentary debate on international child abduction.
- [FHM at the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/fhm-at-the-inter-american-commission-on-human-rights/) - Following the thematic hearing presentation, the IACHR Commissioners asked a series of thoughtful questions. Our dedicated team set to and wrote this comprehensive response which has now been sent to the Commissioners.
- [The Katie Trust: submission to the Justice Committee. Clause 104 - Practitioner Concerns](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/the-katie-trust-submission-to-the-justice-committee-clause-104-practitioner-concerns/)
- [Response to Baroness Levitt's defence of Clause 104, House of Lords, November 2025](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/response-to-baroness-levitts-defence-of-clause-104-house-of-lords-november-2025/)
- [Clause 104 campaign - Open Letter to MPs signed by over 100 organisations and individuals. April 2026](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/open-letter-crime-policing-bill-clause-104-the-criminalisation-of-domestic-abuse-victim-survivors/) - An open letter to to raise sector-wide concerns regarding clause 104 of the Crime and Policing Bill.
- [Presentations to the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/presentations-to-the-inter-american-commission-on-human-rights/)
- [UNSR Submissions of FHM’s European Partner](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/unsr-submissions-of-fhms-european-partner/) - We are really fortunate to have members and partners from the USA, through Canada, to Europe who also submitted strong evidence to the UN Special Rapporteur. You can read the European submission here.
- [UNSR Submissions of FHM’s Canadian Member](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/unsr-submissions-of-fhms-canadian-member/) - We are really fortunate to have members and partners from the USA, through Canada, to Europe who also submitted strong evidence to the UN Special Rapporteur. You can read the Canadian submission here.
- [UNSR Submissions of FHM’s USA Partner](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/unsr-submissions-of-fhms-usa-partner/) - We are really fortunate to have members and partners from the USA, through Canada, to Europe who also submitted strong evidence to the UN Special Rapporteur. You can read the USA submission here.
- [Expert Paper 10: Brazilian Supreme Court landmark ruling August 2025: Domestic abuse can prevent a return order under the 1980 Hague Convention](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/expert-paper-10-brazilian-supreme-court-landmark-ruling-august-2025-domestic-abuse-can-prevent-a-return-order-under-the-1980-hague-convention/) - An overview of a very positive and gender-aware decision made by the Brazilian Supreme Court regarding the Hague Convention and domestic abuse is now on the website, written by Janaína Albuquerque Gomez.
- [Submission to the report of the Special Rapporteur on violence against women and girls to the 62nd session of the United Nations Human Rights Council on Violence against mothers](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/submission-to-the-report-of-the-special-rapporteur-on-violence-against-women-and-girls-to-the-62nd-session-of-the-united-nations-human-rights-council-on-violence-against-mothers/) - FiLiA Hague Mothers has submitted evidence to the UN Special Rapporteur on violence against women and girls for the forthcoming report on violence related to women’s status as mothers. Our contribution highlights the human rights violations experienced by mothers and their children in Hague Convention cases involving domestic abuse.
- [Crime and Policing Bill and International Child Abduction (February 2026)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/crime-and-policing-bill-and-international-child-abduction-february-2026/) - Dr Allison Wolfreys, Lecturer in Law, The Open University A comprehensive overview of the proposed criminalisation of 'retention' in child abduction cases through amendment 104. Evidence strongly suggests that the effect of this change, if passed, will be to criminalise victim-survivors of domestic abuse.
- [Child Abduction Caused by Domestic Violence: How Private International Law Makes the Best of both the Child Abduction Convention/Brussels II-ter Regulation and the Istanbul Convention](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/child-abduction-caused-by-domestic-violence-how-private-international-law-makes-the-best-of-both-the-child-abduction-convention-brussels-ii-ter-regulation-and-the-istanbul-convention/)
- [Using Article 20](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/using-article-20/)
- [Strengthening Article 20](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/strengthening-article-20/)
- [A Theoretical Model of Reproductive Coercion and Abuse and Legal Entrapment: Barriers to Health, Safety, and Well-being for Mothers and Children](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/a-theoretical-model-of-reproductive-coercion-and-abuse-and-legal-entrapment-barriers-to-health-safety-and-well-being-for-mothers-and-children/) - Fully free and publicly available to read new research on reproductive coercion and legal entrapment with specific references to Hague Mothers under the immigration and migration section.
- [Crime & Policing Bill clause 104 - briefing & amendment](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/crime-policing-bill-clause-104-briefing-amendment/)
- [Crime & Policing Bill clause 104 - full briefing](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/crime-policing-bill-clause-104-full-briefing/)
- [Crime & Policing Bill clause 104 - letter to peers](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/crime-policing-bill-clause-104-letter-to-peers/)
- [Domestic Violence and the 1980 Hague Convention: Myths and Realities](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/domestic-violence-and-the-1980-hague-convention-myths-and-realities/) - Dr Braden Clark. Trustee, New Zealand Hague Collective, Founder & CEO Relate Services demolishes some of the key myths surrounding DV and the Hague.
- [Expert Paper 9: The Hague Abduction Convention: left-behind parents and domestic violence (2025)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/expert-paper-9-the-hague-abduction-convention-left-behind-parents-and-domestic-violence-2025/)
- [General Hague Mothers Leaflet](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/general-hague-mothers-leaflet/)
- [New Treaty Proposal on Safety for Survivors of Family Violence](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/new-treaty-proposal-on-safety-for-survivors-of-family-violence/) - Professor Merle Weiner is the Philip H. Knight Professor of Law at the University of Oregon, and a hugely appreciated member of our International Strategy Group. Her commitment to the protection of victim-survivors caught up in the Hague Abduction Convention has resulted in a number of important papers including the powerful You Can and You
- [Brief summary of Canadian Hague win cases 2022-2024](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/brief-summary-of-canadian-hague-win-cases-2022-2024/)
- [Expert Paper 8: Legal Systems as Tools of Abuse: the Hague Power and Control Wheel (2025)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/expert-paper-8-legal-systems-as-tools-of-abuse-the-hague-power-and-control-wheel-2025/)
- [Canadian Supreme Court: Office of the Children's Lawyer v Balev, 2018 SCC 16](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/canadian-supreme-court-office-of-the-childrens-lawyer-v-balev-2018-scc-16/) - Successful appeal against return using 13(2) - child’s objection - and a ‘hybrid approach to habitual residence: ‘Under the hybrid approach, a child’s habitual residence can change while he or she is staying with one parent under the time‑limited consent of the other. The application judge considers the intention of the parents that the move
- [International Comparative Legal Guides](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/iclg-international-comparative-legal-guides/) - A UK mother who was told that her children must return to Poland to live with their allegedly abusive father has won her appeal on the basis that her mental health would make it impossible for her to return with the children, regardless of protective orders. The judge considered it unlikely that the father could
- [Time for Change: the Hague & domestic violence](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/time-for-change-the-hague-domestic-violence/) - The Hague Abduction Convention forces mothers to return to their abuser's country - or to risk losing custody of their child. Find out more about our campaign to end this judicial abuse and safeguard protective mothers.
- [A Hague Convention case: over eight years of loss](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/a-hague-convention-case-over-eight-years-of-loss/) - This account is by Anita Gera. In 2013 - 2014 I lived in my home country of the UK for eleven and a half months, essentially as a single mother with my two children. We had moved back with their African-American father’s permission. He was a commercial pilot so provided our tickets,
- [Mothers' voices. mothers' lives](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/mothers-voices-booklet/) - Dedicated to loving mothers across the world whose lives have been decimated by the Hague Abduction Convention.
- [The malignant pseudo-science of ‘parental alienation’ (16 May 2022)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/the-malignant-pseudo-science-of-parental-alienation-2021/)
- [Golan vs Saada (USA/Italy) Brief for Amici Curiae: Italian organisations advocating for victims of domestic violence in support of petitioner (26 January 2022)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/golan-vs-saada-usa-italy-brief-for-amici-curiae-italian-organisations-advocating-for-victims-of-domestic-violence-in-support-of-petitioner/) - Amici are 83 Italian organisations with extensive experience of providing services for victims of DV in Italy. They argue that, given the inadequacies in Italy's response to DV, the ameliorative measures proposed in this case will not protect the child from grave risk.
- [Case Law Summaries: the Intersection between the Hague Abduction Convention and Asylum/Refugee Immigration Determinations (18 July 2023)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/case-law-summaries-the-intersection-between-the-hague-abduction-convention-and-asylum-refugee-immigration-determinations/) - A summary of six international judgments presented at the International Academy of Family Lawyers’ Conference in Chile.
- [TKJ, Re (Abduction: Hague Convention (Italy)) [2024] EWHC 198 (Fam)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/tkj-re-abduction-hague-convention-italy-2024-ewhc-198-fam/) - Application by father for summary return of child from UK to Italy. Application dismissed, after mother's Article 13(b) harm defence made out. Barrister for mother: Dr Charlotte Proudman, Goldsmith Chambers.
- [Re T (Abduction: Protective Measures: Agreement to Return): Lessons to be learned](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/re-t-abduction-protective-measures-agreement-to-return-lessons-to-be-learned/) - Niamh Wilkie, a Barrister at 5SAH, considers what lessons can be learned from the case of Re T (Abduction: Protective Measures: Agreement to Return) heard by Lord Justice Cobb (UK). for Family Law Week.
- [EU Laws and Initiatives to Combat Violence Against Women and International Child Abduction](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/eu-laws-and-initiatives-to-combat-violence-against-women-and-international-child-abduction/) - Info document from the European Union summarising relevant EU laws
- [DL v BJ [2024] EWHC 2160 (Fam)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/dl-v-bj-2024-ewhc-2160-fam/) - This was an application heard in the High Court. The court was concerned with the application under the inherent jurisdiction for the summary return of N (now aged 1 year 9 months, to Dubai in the United Arab Emirates).
- [WAVE statement on the interconnection between violence against women and violence against children in child custody cases (23 June 2023)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/wave-statement-on-the-interconnection-between-violence-against-women-and-violence-against-children-in-child-custody-cases/) - An overview of the gender-bias and lack of understanding of the impact of DV in European courts.
- [Awarding Custody: Childrens' Interests and the Fathers' Rights Movement (2010)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/awarding-custody-childrens-interests-and-the-fathers-rights-movement/) - The movement for fathers’ rights asserts that an explicit recognition of parental rights should replace what is in the children’s best interests, and further that this should lead us to favour split custody arrangements
- [Domestic Violence, children’s agency and mother-child relationships: towards a more advanced model (11 April 2013)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/domestic-violence-childrens-agency-and-mother-child-relationships-towards-a-more-advanced-model/) - The author argues that childrens’ agency and the bilateral nature of the parent-child / mother-child relationship needs to be acknowledged, specifically in a domestic violence situation. Emma Katz in Children & Society, vol 29 (no 1)
- [Institutional Violence  against Users of the Family Law Courts (18 January 2019)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/institutional-violence-against-users-of-the-family-law-courts/) - A study of family court-enabled abuse in Spain and the presentation of a new ‘Legal Harassment Scale’ to detect and measure this form of violence. Miguel Clemente et al: Frontiers in Psychology.
- [Women in Private International Law (22 April 2021)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/women-in-private-international-law/) - 2019 There is little published research applying a feminist analysis to, or even considering the position of women in, private international law. This chapter establishes that the apparently gender-neutral nature of private international law conceals profoundly ingrained assumptions about gender. It then considers the gendered dimension of international family law, referring in particular to the
- [Child Custody Outcomes in Cases Involving Parental Alienation and Abuse Allegations (2019)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/child-custody-outcomes-in-cases-involving-parental-alienation-and-abuse-allegations/) - The first goal of this project was to ascertain whether empirical evidence indicates that the concept of parental alienation is sex-biased in practice and outcome. Second, the study looked at outcomes in custody/abuse litigation by sex and by differing types of abuse. Analysis of over 2000 court opinions confirms that courts are sceptical of mothers’
- [Assessing risk of harm to children and parents in private law children cases (June 2020)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/assessing-risk-of-harm-to-children-and-parents-in-private-law-children-cases/) - Final Report. MoJ 2020 This report provides an understanding of how effectively the family courts identify and respond to allegations of domestic abuse and other serious offences, in private law proceedings. Recommendations are made in relation to both the processes and the outcomes for parents and children, focusing on the Children Act 1989 which requires
- [Coercive Control in the Courtroom: the Legal Abuse Scale (LAS) 19 May 2022](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/coercive-control-in-the-courtroom-the-legal-abuse-scale-las/) - This study sought to create a measure of legal abuse to show how IPV survivors may encounter their partners’ misuse of court processes to further enact coercive control.
- [Coercive Control in children’s and mother’s lives (5 October 2022)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/coercive-control-in-childrens-and-mothers-lives/) - Drawing on interviews with children and mothers who have experienced coercive control-based domestic violence, this ground-breaking book sheds light on the impacts of coercive control on children, how it is perpetrators who must be held accountable for those impacts, and how resistance by children and mothers occurs. Resistance happens in everyday life, not just in
- [The go-to defense tactic of abusers in family court (19 November 2022)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/the-go-to-defense-tactic-of-abusers-in-family-court/) - A brief history of how claims of “parental alienation” have been used to minimize child abuse and domestic violence in the family court system throughout the globe.
- [Evidence to House of Lords Select Committee: Is the Children & Families Act 2014 fit for purpose? (April 2022)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/evidence-to-house-of-lords-select-committee-is-the-children-families-act-2014-fit-for-purpose/)
- [Incredible Women: Legal Systems Abuse, Coercive Control, and the Credibility of Victim-Survivors (2023)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/ncredible-women-legal-systems-abuse-coercive-control-and-the-credibility-of-victim-survivors/) - This article draws on the experiences of 54 women victim-survivors of coercive control in Australia who had experienced legal systems abuse within criminal and civil protection order systems.
- [The harm of normalized violence: re-identifying intimate partner violence as torture in acknowledging the stakes of abusive relationships (11 January 2024)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/the-harm-of-normalized-violence-re-identifying-intimate-partner-violence-as-torture-in-acknowledging-the-stakes-of-abusive-relationships/) - Re-identifying IPV as torture could serve as a means to raise awareness and educate professionals, including the police, child protection services, and family counselors, to recognize the stakes of abusive relationships and acknowledge the harm of normalized violence.
- [Health-related experiences of family court and domestic abuse in England: A looming public health crisis (01 Feb 2024)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/health-related-experiences-of-family-court-and-domestic-abuse-in-england-a-looming-public-health-crisis/) - Domestic abuse is known to be harmful to victim-survivor mothers’ well-being, and women are disadvantaged by gender-biased systems in England. Less is known, however, about victims’ experiences with family court specifically in relation to their mental and physical health. This study begins to redress that balance.
- [Health-related experiences of family court and domestic abuse in England: a looming public health crisis (01 February 2024)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/health-related-experiences-of-family-court-and-domestic-abuse-in-england-a-looming-public-health-crisis-2/) - Victims’ experiences with family court specifically in relation to their mental and physical health. Two main themes are presented here: 1) physical and mental health experiences associated with family court proceedings, and 2) parental alienation allegations as a weapon to trap, silence, and pathologise mothers.
- [Expert Paper 1: The definition, prevalence, and identifying features of domestic violence (2024)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/expert-paper-1-the-definition-prevalence-and-identifying-features-of-domestic-violence/)
- [Expert Paper 2: The ‘grave risk’ exception and domestic violence (2024)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/expert-paper-2-the-grave-risk-exception-and-domestic-violence/)
- [Expert Paper 3: The impact of domestic violence and coercive control on children: applying evidence-based assessments of children to ‘the grave risk exception’ (2024)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/expert-paper-3-the-impact-of-domestic-violence-and-coercive-control-on-children-applying-evidence-based-assessments-of-children-to-the-grave-risk-exception/)
- [Expert Paper 4: Domestic violence, parental alienation, and perpetrator tactics in court proceedings (2024)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/expert-paper-4-domestic-violence-parental-alienation-and-perpetrator-tactics-in-court-proceedings/)
- [Expert Paper 5: Protective Measures and their inability to protect against domestic violence (2024)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/expert-paper-5-protective-measures-and-their-inability-to-protect-against-domestic-violence/)
- [Expert Paper 6: Briefing on Protective Measures (2024)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/expert-paper-6-briefing-on-protective-measures/)
- [Expert Paper 7: The aftermath of Hague Convention decisions. An international survey on the effectiveness of court-ordered protective measures (2024)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/expert-paper-7-the-aftermath-of-hague-convention-decisions-an-international-survey-on-the-effectiveness-of-court-ordered-protective-measures/)
- [Ameliorative Measures gut the Grave Risk exception under the Hague Convention (23 July 2021)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/ameliorative-measures-gut-the-grave-risk-exception-under-the-hague-convention/) - An article for the New York Law Journal which argues that ‘ameliorative measures’ do not protect children facing ‘grave risk of harm’ upon return to home country under the Hague Convention and consideration of such measures should be eliminated by the U.S. Supreme Court.
- [Domestic violence and child participation: Contemporary challenges to the 1980 Hague Child Abduction Convention (24 April 2020)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/domestic-violence-and-child-participation-contemporary-challenges-to-the-1980-hague-child-abduction-convention/)
- [You can and you should: How judges can apply the Hague Abduction Convention to protect victims of domestic violence (2021)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/you-can-and-you-should-how-judges-can-apply-the-hague-abduction-convention-to-protect-victims-of-domestic-violence/)
- [Children’s Objections in Hague Child Abduction Convention Proceedings in Australia and the “Strength of Feeling” Requirement (22 August 2022)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/childrens-objections-in-hague-child-abduction-convention-proceedings-in-australia-and-the-strength-of-feeling-requirement/)
- [Dislocated Lives: the experiences of women survivors of family and domestic violence after being ‘Hagued’ (29 August 2022)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/dislocated-lives-the-experiences-of-women-survivors-of-family-and-domestic-violence-after-being-hagued-gina-masterton-zoe-rathus-john-flood-keiran-tranter-2022/)
- [Exposure to Family Violence in Hague Child Abduction Cases (2022)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/exposure-to-family-violence-in-hague-child-abduction-cases/)
- [Women’s rights and child abduction under the Hague Convention (30 July 2023)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/womens-rights-and-child-abduction-under-the-hague-convention/) - A discussion of the disproportionate impact of the Hague Convention on mothers, and the ‘near-lethal’ danger they are attempting to escape.
- [The Hague Convention on Child Abduction has a domestic violence problem (26 August 2023)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/the-hague-convention-on-child-abduction-has-a-domestic-violence-problem/) - The Hague Convention is meant to protect children from abduction that may result in violence and danger, but since it does not recognise the difference between abduction and mothers escaping with children from domestic abuse, it leaves a gaping hole for injustice to be committed.
- [Failed by the Family Court? (2023)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/failed-by-the-family-court/) - An overview of the UK court process and the wider context that undermines the safety of mothers and children, and their access to justice. Thanks to the Family Court Journal for permission to republish.
- [Statement by UNSR VAWG Reem Alsalem following a 10-day visit to the UK (21 February 2024)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/statement-by-unsr-vawg-reem-alsalem-following-a-10-day-visit-to-the-uk/)
- [Child Relocation (5th March 2024)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/child-relocation/) - An overview of the issues raised by relocation cases where there are allegations of domestic abuse. for Family Law Journal
- [Where International Child Abduction Occurs Against a Background of Violence and/or Abuse (April 2024)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/where-international-child-abduction-occurs-against-a-background-of-violence-and-or-abuse/) - A project for The International Centre for Family Law Policy and Practice investigating the effects and outcomes of abduction on children where the abduction occurred against a background of violence and/or abuse to the taking parent and/or the abducted child(ren)
- [Four practical steps towards informed and core rights-compliant grave risk cases (June 2024)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/four-practical-steps-towards-informed-and-core-rights-compliant-grave-risk-cases/) - Simple steps states, parties and their courts can take to promote fair, informed and child-centred decisions, in accordance with the Convention and to avoid breach of core human rights treaties.
- [Mental Health Report (June 2024)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/mental-health-report/) - International Child Law: The Mental Health Effects on Stuck Parents
- [Monitoring the HC Report (June 2024)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/monitoring-the-hc-report/) - A brief analysis of Models for monitoring the impact of the 1980 Abduction Convention. Written for GlobalARRK.
- [Relocation Report (June 2024)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/relocation-report/) - Relocation and Experiences of Lawful Removal Applications
- [International Child Abduction: Perspective from Lithuania (12th July 2024)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/international-child-abduction-perspective-from-lithuania/) - Mindaugas Vaičiūnas, Advokatas and Associate Partner for Family Law, WIDEN Legal Lithuania, considers the implementation of the Convention in Lithuania. for Family Law Week
- [Report on Hague DV Forum (June 2024)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/report-on-hague-dv-forum/) - Overview of all presentations from the HCCH Forum held in June 2024 in South Africa.
- [What Needs to Change? A Hague Mothers' Position Paper (27 February 2023)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/what-needs-to-change-a-hague-mothers-position-paper/) - This position paper is based on extensive academic research, legal expertise, professional understanding of the impact of domestic violence on mothers and their children, and the experience of protective mothers who are further abused by the Hague process. It is a wish list, but one based on the reality of the Hague Convention which, in
- [Open Letter to the Hague Special Bureau (11 September 2023)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/open-letter-to-the-hague-special-bureau/)
- [The Hague Abduction Convention and the enabling of abuse (February 2024)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/the-hague-abduction-convention-and-the-enabling-of-abuse/) - Submission to UN Special Rapporteur on VAWG Reem Alsalem - UK fact-finding visit
- [Forms of sex-based violence against women and girls: new frontiers and emerging issues (January 2025)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/forms-of-sex-based-violence-against-women-and-girls-new-frontiers-and-emerging-issues/) - Submission by FiLiA Hague Mothers to UNSR VAWG Reem Alsalem
- [Open Letter to the Honourable Minister of Justice Mr Bolaños García in support of Hague mother and DV victim-survivor Jewel Lazaro (12 February 2025)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/open-letter-to-the-honourable-minister-of-justice-mr-bolanos-garcia-in-support-of-hague-mother-and-dv-victim-survivor-jewel-lazaro/)
- [The interplay between international child abduction and children’s asylum claims](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/the-interplay-between-international-child-abduction-and-childrens-asylum-claims/)
- [Hague Convention and the Flight from Domestic Violence: How Women and Children are Being Returned by Coach and Four (01 August 1999)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/hague-convention-and-the-flight-from-domestic-violence-how-women-and-children-are-being-returned-by-coach-and-four/)
- [Multiple perspectives on battered mothers and their children fleeing to the United States for safety: A study of Hague Convention cases (November 2010)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/multiple-perspectives-on-battered-mothers-and-their-children-fleeing-to-the-united-states-for-safety-a-study-of-hague-convention-cases/)
- [Battered Women, Their Children, and International Law: The Unintended Consequences of the Hague Child Abduction Convention (11 December 2012)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/battered-women-their-children-and-international-law-the-unintended-consequences-of-the-hague-child-abduction-convention/) - Ending a bad personal relationship is extremely complicated when the relationship is transnational. Women whose partners are abusive often turn to family members for assistance. When this means leaving one nation for another with one’s children, Hague Convention (1980) international treaties come into play. All too often, the mother is charged with child abduction and
- [The Hague Abduction Convention: a critical analysis (27 November 2013)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/the-hague-abduction-convention-a-critical-analysis/) - The 1980 Hague Convention was the response of the international community to the increase in the phenomenon of parental child abduction. However, behind the success of this Convention – which has now been ratified by more than 102 states – lie personal tragedies, academic controversy and diplomatic tensions. This book brings together all these strands
- [The Hague Child Abduction Convention’s grave risk of harm exception: Traversing the tightrope and maintaining balance between comity and the best interests of the child (2016)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/the-hague-child-abduction-conventions-grave-risk-of-harm-exception-traversing-the-tightrope-and-maintaining-balance-between-comity-and-the-best-interests-of-the-child/)
- [Redressing the balance: how Australia’s approach under the Hague Abduction Convention is still endangering victims of domestic violence (2023)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/redressing-the-balance-how-australias-approach-under-the-hague-abduction-convention-is-still-endangering-victims-of-domestic-violence-2023/)
- [Compilation of relevant sections of the Guides to Good Practice under the 1980 Child Abduction Convention](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/compilation-of-relevant-sections-of-the-guides-to-good-practice-under-the-1980-child-abduction-convention/) - Forum participants may find it useful to have a compilation of all relevant paragraphs in the Guides to Good Practice (Part V and Part VI) under the 1980 Child Abduction Convention relating to domestic violence.
- [Children to have a greater say in Hague Abduction cases](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/children-to-have-a-greater-say-in-hague-abduction-cases/) - Dr Michelle Fernando, University of South Australia, analyses the impact of the Family Law Amendment Act 2023 (Cth) on cases involving the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction. (access to FLS members only)
- [Introduction to the Hague Convention 1980  (1.5 hrs)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/introduction-to-the-hague-convention-1980-1-5-hrs/) - This training session offers a comprehensive understanding of the Convention, including a focus on Article 13b, the Grave Risk defence. The training will identify what early steps can be taken to get the best result for your client, provide a clear outline of what support is out there for respondent parents, and consider how to
- [Hague Explained workshop (1-3 hours)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/hague-explained-workshop-1-3-hours/) - The workshop is designed to equip internationally mobile employees and their families with a clear, practical understanding of the Hague Abduction Convention. Led by experienced professionals with real-world insight into Hague cases, these sessions explore how relationships across borders can lead to complex legal challenges involving children. The workshops focus on early awareness, risk mitigation,
- [Domestic abuse & the Hague Abduction Convention (3 hours)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/domestic-abuse-the-hague-abduction-convention-3-hours/) - Co-created by FiLiA Hague Mothers and Hague Explained, this interactive training is designed to raise awareness about the specific challenges faced by victim-survivors (particularly protective mothers and their children) who are affected by the Hague Abduction Convention. Using case-studies, and our newly-created Hague Power & Control Wheel, participants will consider how best to support mothers
- [Domestic abuse & the Hague Abduction Convention  (1.5 hours)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/domestic-abuse-the-hague-abduction-convention-1-5-hours/) - This interactive training was co-created by FiLiA Hague Mothers in collaboration with Hague Explained. It’s designed to raise awareness about the specific challenges faced by victim-survivors (particularly protective mothers and their children) who are affected by the Hague Abduction Convention. Who it it for? Domestic abuse professionals LINK TO FOLLOW
- [Inside Kelly Rutherford’s Brutal, Globe-Spanning Custody Battle](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/inside-kelly-rutherfords-brutal-globe-spanning-custody-battle/) - The story of how American actress Kelly Rutherford’s US-born children were sent to live with their German father, and her failed attempt to bring them home. Also mentions Sarah Kurtz whose children (one of whom was born in the US and was still breastfeeding) were sent to live in Sweden. Vanity Fair, 8 October 2015.
- [Trapped & Controlled - post-Hague reality](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/trapped-controlled-post-hague-reality/) - Shelley's story Even before my estranged husband invoked the Hague Convention, this country, in very real sense, became my prison. Travel to see my family in Wales was deemed 'too costly', or 'not convenient' and so I only returned a few times within the seven years of being here. This was made more difficult as
- [Forced to return her children to an abusive father - Constanza's story](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/forced-to-return-her-children-to-an-abusive-father-constanzas-story/) - - as told to HM member Louise Godbold
- [Stuck in Hungary. A Japanese mother’s tragedy](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/stuck-in-hungary-a-japanese-mothers-tragedy/) - Report by Krisztina Les, Patent Association.
- [Hague Convention advice for DV professionals (español)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/hague-convention-advice-for-dv-professionals-espanol/) - Intended to raise awareness of the Hague Convention among domestic violence & social work professionals.
- [Advice for Hague mothers & potential Hague mothers (English)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/advice-for-hague-mothers/) - If you are living abroad with your children & need to escape domestic abuse or coercive control, this is for you.
- [Hague Convention advice for DV professionals (English)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/a4-awareness-poster/) - Intended to raise awareness of the Hague Convention among domestic violence & social work professionals.
- [The ‘trauma-informed‘ court: specialist approaches to managing sexual offence proceedings](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/the-trauma-informed-court-specialist-approaches-to-managing-sexual-offence-proceedings/) - Part two of a two-part series providing a snapshot of the main findings and discussion from a literature review on specialist approaches to managing sexual assault proceedings. Central Queensland University
- [Hague: the uplift](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/hague-the-uplift/) - Final article in a series by The Press investigating how the 1980 Hague Convention really works in New Zealand.
- [Getting ‘Hagued’: How One International Law Enables Intimate Partner Violence](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/getting-hagued-how-one-international-law-enables-intimate-partner-violence-2/) - The experiences of protective mothers caught up in Hague proceedings: ‘even when we win, we lose’.
- [Hagued: Money, masterclasses and an uneven playing field](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/hagued-money-masterclasses-and-an-uneven-playing-field/) - Part two in a series by The Press investigating how the 1980 Hague Convention really works in New Zealand.
- [Hague Convention: ‘I wish he had hit me’.](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/hague-convention-i-wish-he-had-hit-me/) - This is the first in a series by The Press investigating how the 1980 Hague Convention really works in New Zealand.
- [Brazil declares domestic violence an exception to repatriation under the Hague Convention](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/brazil-declares-domestic-violence-an-exception-to-repatriation-under-the-hague-convention/) - Patrícia Álvares of The Hague Papers reports on a potentially groundbreaking declaration by the Brazilian Government - one which could be a first step towards safeguarding victims of domestic violence, both mothers and children, who are caught up in Hague proceedings.
- [Carla Bruni reading the 'appeal of 500 mothers'](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/carla-bruni-reading-the-appeal-of-500-mothers/) - Video of Carla Bruni reading the 'appeal of 500 mothers' who are calling for the urgent application of Ciivise's recommendations to fight against incest. (see also the Open Letter from French mothers seeking asylum on our updates page)
- [Uruguay instructs judges to ignore GBV law in Hague Convention cases](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/uruguay-instructs-judges-to-ignore-gbv-law-in-hague-convention-cases/) - In a shocking expose for La Diaria, Patricia Alvares investigates the extent to which domestic legislation and international treaties intended to protect victims of domestic violence are being overruled by Uruguayan Hague judges (and others) in order to ensure that the child is returned.
- [Emotional Regulation](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/emotional-regulation/) - Brief slides from Echo Training on how to regulate the brain and body under stress
- [Violence against Mothers and Children through The Hague Convention: CAUSES AND SOLUTIONS](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/violence-against-mothers-and-children-through-the-hague-convention-causes-and-solutions/) - For Mothers ReVolution, a nonprofit organization dedicated to assisting Protective Mothers and their children primarily in the United States,
- [DV victim-survivors address forum on child abduction](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/dv-victim-survivors-address-forum-on-child-abduction/) - Elissa of Her Hague Story was interviewed by ABC (Australia) about the impact of the Hague Abduction Convention on domestic violence victim-survivors and her hopes for legislative change.
- [Privacy Policy](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/privacy-policy/) - Hague Mothers' privacy policy.
- [Kelly Rutherford Reveals How She Rebuilt Her Life After Losing Custody of Her Kids](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/kelly-rutherford-reveals-how-she-rebuilt-her-life-after-losing-custody-of-her-kids/) - Kelly Rutherford, an American actress, had her US citizen children - born in and living in the US - sent to live with their German father when his US visa was revoked.
- [Four ways autocrats have used Interpol to harass distant enemies.](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/four-ways-autocrats-have-used-interpol-to-harass-distant-enemies/) - Focus on Interpol but also mentions a mother who was severely abused and granted sole custody to move home to the US. She was flagged by Interpol when her ex brought a Hague petition against her.
- [Getting ‘Hagued’: how one international law enables intimate partner violence.](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/getting-hagued-how-one-international-law-enables-intimate-partner-violence/) - An in-depth overview of the Hague Abduction Convention and its devastating consequences for mothers.
- [Family Court Files: child abduction using Northern Cyprus ‘loophole’ leaves parents in legal deadlock.](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/family-court-files-child-abduction-using-northern-cyprus-loophole-leaves-parents-in-legal-deadlock/) - Hannah Summers reports on a case where a mother involved in over a decade of family court litigation has fled to Northern Cyprus to protect her daughter.
- [The struggle of migrant mothers: escaping abuse and confronting international abduction charges](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/the-struggle-of-migrant-mothers-escaping-abuse-and-confronting-international-abduction-charges/) - In a tough situation, migrant moms escaping domestic violence now face international child abduction charges. In this special feature, journalist Ana Dutra Tagliati shares their courageous stories, addressing the challenges of abuse and a complex international legal fight.
- [Hanging on to the ‘crumbs of their lives’](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/hanging-on-to-the-crumbs-of-their-lives/) - British mother Anita Gera hasn't seen her children in over 8 years and hangs onto the 'crumbs of their lives' she gets in phone calls after their American father used the Hague Convention to have them returned to him in the US.
- [Forced to return her children to an abusive father - Constanza's story](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/forced-to-return-her-children-to-an-abusive-father-constanzas-story-2/) - It is too easy to believe that the Hague Convention on child abduction will never affect us, that it is some rarely-invoked and esoteric complexity of international law that will never apply to us or those we love. This is Constanza’s story but it could also be yours. It is already the reality for hundreds
- [Reforming the Hague](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/reforming-the-hague/) - A policy brief considering the problematic impact of the Hague Convention for victims of domestic abuse, and some potential solutions. The author recently graduated from Durham University where she studied Law. This Policy Brief was produced as part of her Law, Gender & Society module coursework.
- [No exception. How the Hague Convention fails women fleeing domestic violence](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/no-exception-how-the-hague-convention-fails-women-fleeing-domestic-violence/) - An overview of the injustices of the Hague Convention by trauma expert (and US team member) Louise Godbold for Culturico.
- [Why children are being returned to abusive fathers overseas](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/why-children-are-being-returned-to-abusive-fathers-overseas/) - A powerful report from Australian journalist Stephanie Wood.
- [Letter to The Hague Conference from UN Special Rapporteurs](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/letter-to-the-hague-conference-from-un-special-rapporteurs/) - Recommendations to the Special Commission from UN Special Rapporteur on Violence Against Women and Girls Reem Alsalem, UN Special Rapporteur Sexual Exploitation of Children Mama Fatima Singhateh, and UN Special Rapporteur Torture Dr Alice Edwards. Joint Letter Hague Conference
- [Eight letters submitted to the US Department of State & the Permanent Bureau of the Hague Convention](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/eight-letters-submitted-to-the-us-department-of-state-the-permanent-bureau-of-the-hague-convention/)
- [Being Hagued. How weaponising the Hague Convention harms women, family and domestic violence survivors](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/being-hagued-how-weaponising-the-hague-convention-harms-women-family-and-domestic-violence-survivors/) - Centre for Justice Briefing Paper May 2022
- [The dilemma mothers face when they become victims of violence abroad – child abduction or domestic violence](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/the-dilemma-mothers-face-when-they-become-victims-of-violence-abroad-child-abduction-or-domestic-violence/) - ABC News, 8 November, 2022
- [Judge refuses to order child’s return to UK due to risk posed by girl’s father](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/judge-refuses-to-order-childs-return-to-uk-due-to-risk-posed-by-girls-father/) - BreakingNews.ie, 30 December 2022
- [Australian courts to consider family and domestic violence threat in Hague convention cases](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/australian-courts-to-consider-family-and-domestic-violence-threat-in-hague-convention-cases/) - The Guardian, 12 December 2022
- [What Australia’s new law means for Hague Convention parental child-abduction cases](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/what-australias-new-law-means-for-hague-convention-parental-child-abduction-cases/) - The Diplomat, 14 December 2022
- [A Good Law, Gone Bad](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/a-good-law-gone-bad/) - Ruth Dineen, Morning Star April 2022
- [Children forcibly returned to abusive settings under Hague Convention](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document/children-forcibly-returned-to-abusive-settings-under-hague-convention/) - Ella Hopkins, Each Other, 14 October 2022

## Categories

- [Uncategorized](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/category/uncategorized/)
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- [Training](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/category/training/)

## Document Categories

- [Professional Resource](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-category/professional-resource/)
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- [Videos and podcasts](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-category/video_podcast/) - video and media content for display on the videos and podcasts page

## Document Tags

- [Adrienne Barnett](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-tag/adrienne-barnett/)
- [Kim Fawcett](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-tag/kim-fawcett/)
- [Sonja Ayeb-Karlsson](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-tag/sonja-ayeb-karlsson/)
- [Krisztina Les - Patent Association](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-tag/krisztina-les-patent-association/)
- [Merle H. Weiner](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-tag/merle-h-weiner/)

## Document Authors

- [Gina Masterton](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/gina-masterton/)
- [Zoe Rathus](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/zoe-rathus/)
- [John Flood](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/john-flood/)
- [Keiran Tranter](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/keiran-tranter/)
- [Adrienne Barnett](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/adrienne-barnett/)
- [Jacquelyn Graham](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/jacquelyn-graham/)
- [Merle Weiner](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/merle-weiner/)
- [Sudha Shetty](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/sudha-shetty/)
- [Jeffrey Edleson](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/jeffrey-edleson/)
- [Danielle Bozin](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/danielle-bozin/)
- [Taryn Lindhorst](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/taryn-lindhorst/)
- [Gita Mehrotra](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/gita-mehrotra/)
- [William Vesneski](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/william-vesneski/)
- [Luz Lopez](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/luz-lopez/)
- [Miranda Kaye](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/miranda-kaye/)
- [Rhona Schuz](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/rhona-schuz/)
- [Jeffery Edleson](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/jeffery-edleson/)
- [Emma Katz](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/emma-katz/)
- [Joan S Meier](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/joan-s-meier/)
- [Mary Keyes](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/mary-keyes/)
- [Grant Wyeth](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/grant-wyeth/)
- [Josephine Asher](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/josephine-asher/)
- [Samantha Donovan](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/samantha-donovan/)
- [Ella Hopkins](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/ella-hopkins/)
- [Ruth Dineen](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/ruth-dineen/)
- [Sean Dickson](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/sean-dickson/)
- [Chris O'Sullivan](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/chris-osullivan/)
- [Leora Rosen](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/leora-rosen/)
- [Jeffrey Hayes](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/jeffrey-hayes/)
- [Marilyn Freeman](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/marilyn-freeman/)
- [Nicola Taylor](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/nicola-taylor/)
- [Merle Wiener](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/merle-wiener/)
- [Michelle Fernando](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/michelle-fernando/)
- [Deborah Reece](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/deborah-reece/)
- [Christopher Knaus](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/christopher-knaus/)
- [Sonja Ayeb-Karlsson](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/sonja-ayeb-karlsson/)
- [Kim Fawcett](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/kim-fawcett/)
- [Elizabeth Dalgarno](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/elizabeth-dalgarno/)
- [Natalie Page](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/natalie-page/)
- [Mukesh Kapila](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/mukesh-kapila/)
- [Annabelle Gray](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/annabelle-gray/)
- [Katarina Trimmings](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/katarina-trimmings/)
- [Onyója Momoh](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/onyoja-momoh/)
- [Isla Callander](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/isla-callander/)
- [Michael Salter](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/michael-salter/)
- [Stephanie Beckwith](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/stephanie-beckwith/)
- [Lauren Lowe](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/lauren-lowe/)
- [Liz Wall](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/liz-wall/)
- [Emily Stevens](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/emily-stevens/)
- [Rachel Carson](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/rachel-carson/)
- [Rae Kaspiew](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/rae-kaspiew/)
- [Jasmine B. MacDonald](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/jasmine-b-macdonald/)
- [Jade McEwen](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/jade-mcewen/)
- [Melissa Willoughby](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/melissa-willoughby/)
- [Rosa Logar](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/rosa-logar/)
- [Enikő Pap](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/eniko-pap/)
- [Konstantina Kalaitsoglou](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/konstantina-kalaitsoglou/)
- [Rima Hussein](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/rima-hussein/)
- [Jessica Mant](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/jessica-mant/)
- [Reem Alsalem](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/reem-alsalem/)
- [Mama Fatima Singhateh](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/mama-fatima-singhateh/)
- [Dr Alice Edwards](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/dr-alice-edwards/)
- [Stephanie Wood](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/stephanie-wood/)
- [Louise Godbold](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/louise-godbold/)
- [Alicia Flint](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/alicia-flint/)
- [Women against Violence Europe Network (WAVE)](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/women-against-violence-europe-network-wave/)
- [Sarrah Singapurwala](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/sarrah-singapurwala/)
- [National Safe Parents Organisation](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/national-safe-parents-organisation/)
- [Elina Penttinen](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/elina-penttinen/)
- [Donna Bramwell](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/donna-bramwell/)
- [Arpana Verma](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/arpana-verma/)
- [Anita Gera](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/anita-gera/)
- [Louise Godbold writing for Culturico magazine](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/louise-godbold-writing-for-culturico-magazine/)
- [James Reynolds for the Mail Online](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/james-reynolds-for-the-mail-online/)
- [Valentina Shaknes](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/valentina-shaknes/)
- [Justine Stringer](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/justine-stringer/)
- [Stephanie Brandt](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/stephanie-brandt/)
- [Dr Charlotte Proudman](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/dr-charlotte-proudman/)
- [Ana Dutra Tagliati for Migrant Women Press](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/ana-dutra-tagliati-for-migrant-women-press/)
- [Hannah Summers for The Bureau of Investigative Journalism](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/hannah-summers-for-the-bureau-of-investigative-journalism/)
- [Patrícia Álvares for Women’s Media Centre](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/patricia-alvares-for-womens-media-centre/)
- [Miguel Clemente et al](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/miguel-clemente-et-al/)
- [Macaws Advisor](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/macaws-advisor/)
- [Hague Mothers](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/hague-mothers/)
- [Lisa Fischel-Wolovick](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/lisa-fischel-wolovick/)
- [Jeffrey L Edleson](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/jeffrey-l-edleson/)
- [GlobalAARK](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/globalaark/)
- [Ben Keith](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/ben-keith/)
- [Ellen R. Gutowski & Lisa A. Goodman](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/ellen-r-gutowski-lisa-a-goodman/)
- [Ellen Reeveshttps](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/ellen-reeveshttps/)
- [Kate Fitz-Gibbon](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/kate-fitz-gibbon/)
- [Silke Meyer](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/silke-meyer/)
- [Kyla Ebels-Duggan](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/kyla-ebels-duggan/)
- [Sandra Walklate](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/sandra-walklate/)
- [Presented by Isabel Moussalli for ABC Radio](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/presented-by-isabel-moussalli-for-abc-radio/)
- [HCCH](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/hcch/)
- [European Union](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/european-union/)
- [Roz Osborne](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/roz-osborne/)
- [Dr Laura Kean](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/dr-laura-kean/)
- [Dr Onyója Momoh](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/dr-onyoja-momoh/)
- [Dr Ruth Lamont](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/dr-ruth-lamont/)
- [Geerte Frenken](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/geerte-frenken/)
- [Patrícia Álvares](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/patricia-alvares/)
- [The Hague Papers](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/the-hague-papers/)
- [Michael Stangarone et al](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/michael-stangarone-et-al/)
- [Family Law Section](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/family-law-section/)
- [Niamh Wilkie](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/niamh-wilkie/)
- [Olivia Piercy](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/olivia-piercy/)
- [Dr Maria Wright](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/dr-maria-wright/)
- [Hunters Law LLP](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/hunters-law-llp/)
- [Mindaugas Vaičiūnas](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/mindaugas-vaiciunas/)
- [Maddy Croad](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/maddy-croad/)
- [Amanda-Jane George et al](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/amanda-jane-george-et-al/)
- [Dr Michelle Fernando](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/dr-michelle-fernando/)
- [Law Council of Australia](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/law-council-of-australia/)
- [Michael Stangarone & Tiffany Guo - MacDonald & Partners LLP - Toronto](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/michael-stangarone-tiffany-guo-macdonald-partners-llp-toronto/)
- [Krisztina Les - Patent Association](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/krisztina-les-patent-association/)
- [FiLiA Hague Mothers](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/filia-hague-mothers/)
- [Hague Explained](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/hague-explained/)
- [Krisztina Les](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/krisztina-les/)
- [Sally Jackson](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/sally-jackson/)
- [L.Burns](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/l-burns/)
- [Jessica Raffal](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/jessica-raffal/)
- [Dr Braden Clark](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/dr-braden-clark/)
- [K.J. Spearman](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/k-j-spearman/)
- [S. Ayeb-Karlsson](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/s-ayeb-karlsson/)
- [D. Guillaume](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/d-guillaume/)
- [S. Miyamoto](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/s-miyamoto/)
- [K. Alexander](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/k-alexander/)
- [J. Campbell](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/j-campbell/)
- [Caterina Benini](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/caterina-benini/)
- [Dr Allison Wolfreys](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/dr-allison-wolfreys/)
- [Janaina Albuquerque Gomes](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/janaina-albuquerque-gomes/)
- [Loana Noguera](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/loana-noguera/)
- [Janaina Albuquerque Gomez](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/janaina-albuquerque-gomez/)
- [Nicole Fidler](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/nicole-fidler/)
- [Tamara Amoroso Gonsalves](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/tamara-amoroso-gonsalves/)
- [Caroline Bettinger-Lopez](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/caroline-bettinger-lopez/)
- [Shivangi Misra](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/shivangi-misra/)
- [Right to Equality](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/right-to-equality/)
- [The Katie Trust](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/document-author/the-katie-trust/)

## File Types

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- [do](https://www.hague-mothers.org.uk/file-type/do/)

## Document Download

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